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Privacy Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Security Policy - Essay Example Facebook gathers more data than different sites since it is an intuitive site. Data with respect to your companions, family relationship, and perspectives on issues like religion, governmental issues, music and different occasions additionally show up on Facebook. Notwithstanding, all the data given on Facebook is deliberate and the client is in charge of the measure of data they put on the site. The sites consequently gather data when clients interface with the websites’ instruments, administrations, application or promoting. Data on topographical area, gadget type, IP address, URL referral and site visit measurements is naturally sent by the users’ PC or phone. The protection approach traces the individual data that may be shared and with whom. The three sites show that just with users’ assent would they share data with an outsider. Be that as it may, the strategy doesn't matter to law authorization, approved outsiders and administrative organizations. Summons and court orders from locales inside the United States and outside are clung to by the sites. Data is additionally imparted to legal advisors, organizations, and courts so as to shield the site and its clients from violators of the sites explanation of rights and obligations. The sites additionally share data with organizations so as to offer joint administrations. The sites share data with area managers permitting them to lead support of the users’ accounts. The sites plainly express that security strategy is liable to change. On account of Facebook, the progressions apply to all the users’ data and record. A devotee of the Facebook Site Governance page gets the notification straightforwardly while others just discover the notification on the site. Google security strategy doesn't decrease the users’ rights without unequivocal assent. Any protection

Vitamins and Minerals That Help Reduce Social Anxiety

Vitamins and Minerals That Help Reduce Social Anxiety Social Anxiety Disorder Treatment and Therapy Print Vitamins and Minerals That Help Reduce Social Anxiety By Arlin Cuncic Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder and 7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety. Learn about our editorial policy Arlin Cuncic Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on January 08, 2018 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 06, 2020 Social Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Mental Art + Design / Stocksy United What is the relationship between vitamins and anxiety? Vitamins and minerals play a key role in maintaining good physical and mental health. While you may think mostly about the physical health benefits of vitamins and minerals, deficiencies in these important parts of your diet could actually worsen your social anxiety. Below is a list of vitamins and minerals with relations to anxiety, and the foods that you should consume to ensure you are not deficient. Vitamin C   Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is found in many fruits and vegetables such as oranges, red peppers, kale, Brussels sprouts, broccoli, strawberries, and grapefruit. One large orange provides you with 100 percent of the daily value (DV) of vitamin C of 60 mg for adults and children aged 4 and older. Many people also take vitamin C as a supplement in pill form that can be swallowed or chewed. One small randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 42 high school students found that oral supplementation of vitamin C reduced anxiety levels.?? Although studies are still underway, trying a diet high in vitamin C may offer an advantage for those with social anxiety disorder without any ill effects. Meal and snack ideas that are high in vitamin C will include fruit salads and smoothies, as well as soups, wraps, salads, and sandwiches made with the vegetables listed above. B Complex The family of B complex vitamins includes all eight of the B vitamins: B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (niacin), B5 (pantothenic acid), B6 (pyridoxine), B7 (biotin), B8 (inositol), B9 (folic acid), and B12 (cobalamin). While each of these vitamins has different effects on the body, as a whole, there is evidence that supplementing with a vitamin B complex multivitamin may reduce feelings of anxiety. A double-blind study with 80 healthy males aged 18 to 42 compared use of a daily multivitamin-mineral formula with a placebo control for 28 days. The multivitamin contained B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, B12, vitamin C, calcium, magnesium, and zinc. Compared to the group taking the placebo, those taking the multivitamin showed significantly lower self-reported anxiety and perceived stress. One small case-report study of subjects with anxiety also showed that use of niacinamide (a form of vitamin B3)  resulted in considerable relief from anxiety. Therefore, a B complex supplement also containing minerals such as calcium, magnesium, and zinc may be helpful for those with social anxiety. Recipe ideas that contain B vitamins include whole-grain snack bars, beet hummus, chickpea salads, green salad with pecans, lentil stew, and smoked salmon. Vitamin D Vitamin D is found in small amounts in foods such as salmon, tuna, beef liver, cheese, and egg yolks. Many breakfast cereals are also fortified with vitamin D, as well as some orange juice, dairy products, and soy milk. The human body can also generate vitamin D when your skin is exposed to sunlight. However, it is difficult to know how much sun exposure you need, and the damaging risks of the sun make food sources generally a better alternative. Although data has been mixed, one study on vitamin D and anxiety and affective disorders found that levels of calcidiol (a product of vitamin D produced in the body) were lower for age-matched patients with anxiety disorders.?? Therefore, it is possible that a deficiency of vitamin D could be linked to social anxiety. Recipes to try that are high in vitamin D include a ricotta and yogurt parfait, frittatas, breakfast casseroles, and spiced hot chocolate. Magnesium   Magnesium is found in foods such as beans, nuts, bananas, soy products, brown rice, whole-wheat bread, and green leafy vegetables. It is involved in a variety of functions in the body including muscle contraction. Studies have shown that magnesium de?ciency is related to anxiety and that anxiety may be lessened if magnesium supplements are taken along with antidepressants.?? If you have social anxiety disorder, it certainly cant hurt to make sure you are eating foods rich in magnesium. Recipes rich in magnesium include bean soup and brown rice and beans. Zinc Zinc is found in foods such as beef, pork, lamb, poultry (dark meat), nuts, whole grains, and legumes. In one study, 38 people with anxiety  showed significantly low levels of zinc, but when these individuals were given zinc supplements, their anxiety symptoms improved.?? You may wish to add zinc-rich foods to your diet. Recipes high in zinc include many meat-based meals as well as coconut curry. Iron Research has shown that a deficiency in iron may be linked to anxiety.?? However, specific research relating iron to social anxiety has yet to be conducted. High iron foods include beef, liver, whole grains, nuts, sunflower seeds, dark leafy greens, tofu, and dark chocolate. Calcium Like iron, calcium levels have been implicated in anxiety, but no specific research has been conducted on the link to social anxiety.?? High calcium foods include milk, yogurt, dark leafy greens, cheese, broccoli, green beans, and almonds. Recipes high in iron include taco salad, tofu, and broccoli stir-fry, grilled fish tacos, and Mediterranean wraps. Chromium Chromium is found in foods such as processed meats, whole grains, green beans, broccoli, nuts, and egg yolk. As with iron and calcium, chromium levels have been linked to anxiety.?? ?However, social anxiety has not been specifically studied. Recipes high in chromium include orange bran muffins, tortellini, and broccoli salad, and some sangrias. A Word From Verywell Not sure you are meeting the recommended DV for vitamins and minerals? Track your food intake on a site such as Myfitnesspal.com or work with a health professional like a registered dietitian to get a snapshot of your intake.  While your first choice of vitamin source should be food, using a supplement may be helpful if you have dietary limitations or adhere to a vegetarian or vegan diet. The 7 Best Online Anxiety Support Groups

Robindra Rachana Bangalir Janmagata Adhikar - 2164 Words

Pg1Pg1 www.TheOnlineGK.wordpress.com , www.AllCurrentAffairs.tk www.BharatNewsPortal.blogspot.com , www.IBPSExamination.blogspot.com Current affairs 2012 for All Competitive exams | Current Affairs July 2012 quiz | gk questions | current affairs for civil services|General knowledge| IBPS | SBI | Bank po|RRB|SSC|State PSC|MBA Entrence|Railway exams. So enjoy reading†¦? :) 1. Wrestler-actor who died recently at the age of 84 ? Rustam-E-Hind Dara Singh Read More 2. How is Oscar Pistorius known in the sporting world? An athlete who would compete in London Olympics (individual 400 metres and 4 * 400relay) 3. Who will replace Mark Thompson as BBC director general in†¦show more content†¦Puducherry 35. What is the length of world s longest cable-stayed bridge built by Russia? 1,104 meter link Valdivostok and Russk y Island 36. Who won against Usain Bolt in the 200 metres final event? Yohan Blake 37. What is the budget estimates for Manipur state set for 2012 -2013? Rs.3,500 crore 38. How man y listed companies on BSE and NSE will be facilitated with electronic voting by their shareholders for all postal ballot resolutions? Top 500 listed companies 39. Name the Barclays chairman who quit recently. Marcus Agius 40. Which of India s forest area has been added to list of world heritage sites by the United Nations Organisation? 1,600km long Western Ghats 41. Australia is set to play an ODI against which emerging cricket nation in Middle East in August 2012? Afghanistan 42. Expand GGCL. (Hint: Gas) Gujarat Gas Company Limited 43. Where is the National Electrical Summit 2012 scheduled in India? Vadodara, Gujarat 44. Name the Baroda state s visionary ruler whose 150th birth anniversary would be celebrated by FGI Business Centre. Sayajirao Gaekwad III 45. Who is the Indian business person among 27 global leaders appointed b y the United Nations to eliminate malnutrition? Pg6Pg6 Vinita Bali 46. Which state boards in India are suggested b y State Bank of India to be listed? State Electricity Boards 47. Expand NDS-OM.

Loyalty Of Greek And Roman Mythology - 1467 Words

Joy Whybrew Honors 201 Sec. 5 Fall 2016 Loyalty in Greek and Roman Mythology Numerous mythologies we have read throughout this semester have had an underlying message. Those who are loyal to their beliefs, their spouses, and the gods are rewarded, but those who prove to be unfaithful are dealt with harshly. From the multitude of examples in mythology, I have chosen four to discuss: Cupid Psyche, Odysseus Penelope, Medea Jason, and Antigone Creon. Each of these characters and their stories exemplify either rewards or punishments for their actions from the gods and fates. First, we must discuss how to define loyalty in a way the Greek and Romans would agree with. Loyalty wasn’t just wives obeying husbands, or servants obeying masters, but also the people obeying the rules of the gods. Obedience is a key part of the ancient concept of loyalty, as you cannot be truly loyal to a person or to the gods without respecting their wishes and being obeying them. In the story of Cupid and Psyche, Psyche marries a man she has never seen in daylight, but this does not bother her, as he is very good to her. However, her sisters come and make her suspicious of who her husband may be and believe him to be a beast. Even though her husband had only asked for her loyalty to his wishes, to trust him and not try to look at his face, Psyche is unfaithful. When Cupid sees that Psyche has proven to be a disloyal wife, he leaves her. In this case Psyche was not just disloyal to her husbandShow MoreRelatedGreek Mythology And Its Impact On Modern Culture1055 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom Greek Mythology and has had a significant impact on our history and mythology helped shed light to it’s culture, religion, and government of ancient Greece. The Mediterranean has served as a vessel for the early civilizations., Greek mythology has influenced the life style and religion of the Greeks, especially because Greek mythology served as the primary basis of Greek belief, it became the nearest thing the Greeks had to a hol y bible.1 These mythologies served as the center of Greek lifeRead MoreClassical Influences On Modern Films And Literature1171 Words   |  5 Pagesthese influences can be both beneficial and detrimental to our perception of the world. The way ancient culture can impact our ideals is demonstrated by various contemporary adaptations of Greek mythology. For instance, in 1997, Walt Disney produced the animated movie Hercules, based on stories about the legendary Greek hero who persevered through numerous labors and challenges to eventually gained a place in Mount Olympus, the home of the gods. Hercules was a major box-office hit among children andRead MoreAncient Greece And Rome Vs. Rome1179 Words   |  5 Pagesthese influences can be both beneficial and detrimental to our perception of the world. The way ancient culture can impact our ideals is demonstrated by various contemporary adaptations of Greek mythology. For instance, in 1997, Walt Disney produced the animated movie Hercules, based on stories about the legendary Greek hero who persevered through numerous labors and challenges and eventually gained a place in Mount Olympus, the home of the gods. Hercules was a major box-office hit among children andRead MoreDid the Ancient Greek Gods Exist?1234 Words   |  5 PagesDid the Ancient Greek Gods exist? The Ancient Greeks regarded their religion and mythology with much respect and loyalty. Although the Ancient Greek Gods are now seen as an explanation created by man, for natural forces and the world around us, there has been much evidence both for and against the debate that these Gods were real. The Greeks believed that the Earth was created with the birth of Gaia, or Mother Earth, from the dark void known as Chaos. It was believed that Gods were all-powerfulRead More Divine Comedy: Dante Puts the Hell in Hellenism Essay891 Words   |  4 Pageswere created Greek heroes and their stories have found a perpetual home in the minds and imagination of everyday people.   There they grow to new height through art and literature.   Dante Alighieri includes famous Greek characters throughout the first book of his Divine Comedy: Hell.   From the famed philosophers and personages who fill Limbo to the very last circles of Hell where the giants inhabit, Dante uses as images of different sins, and punishment for individuals sins famous Greek monsters, loversRead More Comparing the Symbology and Imagery in T. S. Eliot’s Poetry Essay1481 Words   |  6 Pagesthem seem like Sirens. In both poems the women are featured in strong mythological terms. Mythology, legends, etc. have always appealed to the senses. They are timeless, and involve adventure, romance, magic, loyalty, betrayal, wars, and mystery, all of which are qualities that strongly appeal to our senses, while also being riddled with symbols and hidden meanings (Melinda-Landa). Eliot tends to use mythology, or make references to them in his poetry (Sarker 38). As the sun is associated withRead MoreThe Origins of the Universe1315 Words   |  6 PagesOrigins of the Universe - For Romes earliest period, history and myth are difï ¬ cult to distinguish. - The Roman mythological tradition is particularly rich in historical myths/legends, concerning the foundation/rise of the city. - traditional stories handed down by the ancient Romans themselves explain the earliest history of their city in legend/myth. - most familiar myths, Romulus and Remus, the twins who were suckled by a she-wolf. - Used to describe how rome came to be - Once boys grown up, decideRead MoreConstantine : A Vision Or A Politic Strategy?1710 Words   |  7 PagesShannon Mulstay Jeffery Cahan Creative Non-Fiction Research Paper November 29, 2015 Constantine: A Vision or a Politic Strategy? When one looks into ancient history from a purely scholarly standpoint, where would Christianity be if the Romans had never interfered? Their internal issues with an empire divided over power, religion and commerce would eventually lead to its downfall. One of the greatest military machines, Rome was interspersed with the need to conquer and the power struggles betweenRead MoreThe Celtic And Roman Religions Essay1535 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout their history, the Romans didnt have just one set of beliefs, but a combination of several different cult practices. Originally, they followed a set of rural animistic tradition, in which various spirits were responsible for specific, limited aspects of the cosmos and human activities. These were called numina. Another aspect of this animistic cult was the cult of ancestors, each family honoring their own dead. As contact with Greece increased, the influence of the Roman religion by the GreeksRead MoreChristianity And The Early Stages1468 Words   |  6 Pagesheld a huge part in both of these things. The Roman emperors, culture, and the Roman religion all were things that influenced early Christianity very much. The time period in which Jesus was on earth was probably the best time he could have come. It was a time of Hellenization, right after Rome had taken over Greece. Most of the world was in the Greek empire before it was taken over by Rome, so everything was Greek, and Rome adopted most of the Greek culture for their own once they took it over

Deception in Research Free Essays

Deception in Research The article I chose from Capella Library was about Deception in Research. While exploring my area of interest may require misleading or not completely informing your subjects about the true nature of your research, as a general rule, serious deception should be avoided whenever possible, since it put at risks the integrity of informed authority. For research involving deception the use of deception must be justified in the procedure to show that the research cannot be performed in the absence of deception and the benefits of the research will sufficiently be more important than any risks that deception may create. We will write a custom essay sample on Deception in Research   or any similar topic only for you Order Now Research participants cannot be deceived about significant aspects of the research that would affect their willingness to participate or that would cause them physical or emotional harm. Deception must be explained to participants (debriefed) as early as reasonable. A debriefing script must be included in the procedure and should include a detailed description of the ways in which deception was used and why; when and by whom the debriefing will be administered should also be included. True â€Å"informed consent† cannot be given if the true nature of the research is deceptively presented. This situation is dealt with administratively via a waiver of portions of the information consent regulations. Deception is a word used to end arguments, not to begin them. To accuse researchers of deception is to remove them from the ranks of those with whom legitimate human relationships can be pursued. For an example, let’s look at in the article of Deception in Research on the Placebo Effect. Experiments exploring the placebo effect, however, suggest justifiable ethical concerns, owing to the use of deception. The ethical intend to conduct of deceptive placebo research include (1) review and approval by an independent research ethics to establish the use of deception and that the study protocol offers sufficient value to justify the risks it poses to participants, including the use of deception; (2) disclosure in the informed-consent document that the study involves the use of deception; and (3) participants at the conclusion of research participation. This also concludes that in order to supply to public accountability, articles reporting the results of research using deception should describe temporarily loyalty with these participant-protection rules. Ethics is one of the most crucial areas of research, with deception and research increasingly becoming a crucial area of discussion between psychologists, philosophers and ethical groups. Examples of Deception and Research to show how ethical concerns have changed during the 20th century, it is useful to look at some examples such as Deception in Psychological Research. Deception has been attacked repeatedly as ethically unacceptable and morally reprehensible. However, research has revealed that subjects who have participated in deception experiments versus no deception experiments enjoyed the experience more, received more educational benefit from it, and did not mind being deceived or having their privacy invaded. Such evidence suggests that deception, although unethical from a moral point of view, is not considered to be aversive, undesirable, or an unacceptable methodology from the research participant’s point of view. The repeated assumption of the unacceptability of deception seems to be due to the fact that deception has been evaluated only from the viewpoint of moral philosophizing. This has led to the repeated conclusion that deception is reprehensible and seems to have created a perceptual set to view deception immediately as aversive. However, the perception of the unethical nature of deception seems to be minimal in studies that investigate innocuous public behaviors and enhanced in studies that run the risk of harming research participants or in studies that investigate private behaviors. When this knowledge is combined with the fact that research participants do not mind being deceived, and that it can also be viewed as immoral not to conduct research on important problems, the scale seems to be tilted in favor of continuing the use of deception in psychological research. Is it ethically permissible to use deception in psychological experiments? We argue that, provided some requirements are satisfied, it is possible to use deceptive methods without producing significant harm to research participants and without any significant violation of their autonomy. We also argue that methodological deception is at least at the moment the only effective means by which one can acquire morally significant information about certain behavioral tendencies. Individuals in general and research participants in particular, gain self-knowledge which can help them improve their autonomous decision-making. The community gains collective self-knowledge that, once shared, can play a role in shaping education, informing policies and in general creating a more efficient and just society. Reference: 1. Deception in Research on the Placebo Effect Franklin G Miller,*  David Wendler, and  Leora C Swartzman Author information  Copyright and License information  See â€Å"Placebo: Physician, Heal Thyself† , e388. This article has been  cited by  other articles in PMC. 2. Harrington A, editor. (1997) The placebo effect: An interdisciplinary exploration. Cambridge (Massachusetts): Harvard University Press. 272 p. 3. Deception in psychology: moral costs and benefits of unsought self-knowledge. Bortolotti L, Mameli M. SourcePhilosophy Department, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, 2006 Jul-Sep;13(3):259-75. 4. 2002;12(2):117-42. Deception in research: distinctions and solutions from the perspective of utilitarianism. Pittenger DJ. Source Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, 615 McCallie Ave. , Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA How to cite Deception in Research  , Papers

Sonnet 64 Essays - Sonnet 64, Sonnet 1, Sonnet, Shakespeares Sonnets

Sonnet 64 Derived from the early Petrarchan form, William Shakespeare's sonnets maintain an iambic pentameter however implore an uncharacteristic rhyme scheme and have a final couplet with such strength that the whole character of the form is changed creating a clear thought division between the twelfth and thirteenth line. Shakespeare's style unique sonnet style became, in his time, the predominate English form. However, some poems such as John Keats' On First Looking into Chapman's Homer retained the classic Italian form.(Crowell pg 945) Shakespeare's Sonnet Sixty-Fourhold's true to the classic Shakespearean sonnet form, having three quatrains and a finalizing couplet. Utilizing the techniques personification, chiasmus, and enjambement, Shakespeare reveals that time, destroying all tangible seemingly indestructible creations, will ultimately take "love away." To reveal the passage of time Shakespeare divides his sonnet into three quatrains with each quatrain creating a specific thought. The opening quatrain begins with the forceful image of the personification of time, with the use of a capital; "Time." Like one's "hand," time is capable of destroying the seemingly indestructible "lofty towers" and "brass". Man is an "eternal slave" to time. In these opening lines Shakespeare is revealing that our ambitions drive the building of higher "towers" and stronger "brass," however, even as we strive to create monuments of greater magnitude and fortitude, time will always be the victor and man's empires will be "down-razed." Shakespeare quickly humbles the reader with powerful destructive words, "buried"; "defaced"; "down-razed" and, consequently, one realizes that one day our present creations will stand no more and what stands in their place will only be dictated by time's "hand." The second quatrain maintains the image of time's destructive powers. With the rhyme scheme cdcd and the rhythmic advances of enjambement " . . . Seen the hungry ocean gain advantage on the kingdom of the shore, " Shakespeare is able to create a sense of the back and forth cyclic motion of the ocean. Describing the battle between the ocean, "watery main," and the "firm soil" Shakespeare shows that nature is also influenced and changed by Time's "feel hand." As man's monuments fall, time changes our natural world as well, creating a broad and rich geologic history. With chiasmus in this quatrain Shakespeare finalizes and supports the powerful image of the endless cycle of the ocean and the unstoppable force of time as it destroys our lands and dictates our future. "...store with loss and loss with store." The final quatrain deals with the impact of time in a social setting. Shakespeare illustrates how time can destroy kingdoms, rulers and dynasties, ultimately causing the "interchange of state" with the state itself, eventually being subject to "decay." The use of "decay" incorporates natural elements into the ideology of time's "eternal forces" creating a direct link with the second quatrain. The ideas revealed in the final and preceding quatrains allow Shakespeare to "ruminate" and finalize his conclusions about time. The first person style, "I have seen" and the natural progression of related ideas about time in the three quatrains allows the reader to view the poem as a meditation. Therefore the poem, in a sense, is Shakespeare's thought progression. At the closing of the final quatrain his realization about the impacts of time is clear; time has caused "ruin" of the physical world and has a power beyond comprehension and, with this ultimate power, time will eventually take his "love away." His finalizing line of the third quatrain, "That time will come and take my love away," provokes thought not only in the poet but, as well, in the reader. Does time really take love away? How does time dictate our lives? This provocation of thought leads naturally to the couplet where the thought is concluded. The couplet in Sonnet Sixty-Four delves into the universal element of man's mortality. As Shakespeare reveals death is inevitable and with its coming brings the loss of his "love." "Death" is a fact which one "cannot choose." The death of loved ones, for Shakespeare, is a subject which he "fears" and an idea which causes him sadness; "weep to have." Shakespeare reveals that time will topple buildings and weather mountains but the ultimate sacrifice to time, is life. Shakespeare's language: "ruin," "defaced," "eternal slave," "decay" suggests a conflict between humanity and time. It seems as though Shakespeare almost blames time for being the eventual vehicle that "takes his love away." However, Shakespeare is forgetting an integral aspect of time. Without time Shakespeare would have no love, nor would our society grow and manifest great structural monuments. Similar to sonnet Sixty-Four, Dylan Thomas's Fern Hill deals with a personified,

buy custom Diagnostic Testing for Hypertension essay

buy custom Diagnostic Testing for Hypertension essay Hypertension, commonly referred to High Blood pressure, is a disease associated with the increased blood pressure on the arterial walls when the heart is pumping blood to the body parts (Black, 2007). The testing is done by analysing the reading on the individuals blood pressure scale. Normally, it is denoted by two numbers; systolic and diastolic. The top number is the systolic number which measures the pressure experienced by the arterial walls when there is a heart beat. The bottom number is the diastolic, which measures the blood pressure experienced by the arterial walls between successive beats; when the heart is resting. Under normal condition, the reading on the blood pressure measurement scale should denote 120/80mmHg but this is when other factors are held constant. In some instances, this reading may significantly change therefore the medical practitioners should take utmost care in ensuring that the results and there conclusions are free from adverse effects. Unless where the blood pressure shows a higher reading and immediate action need to be taken, the patient diagnosis should take several tests before an imminent decision is arrived at by the medical practitioner (Black, 2007). Normally it can take a couple of days with intense and critical analysis of te patients blood pressure. Patients with a consistent blood pressure of readings that are over 120/80mmHg are considered to be having a pre-hypertensive condition and this will lead to chronic hypertension if strict measures and guidelines are not followed to ensure that the blood pressure do not rise tremendously over a short duration of tim e (Mohler, 2006). According to scholars, Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) Treatments for Hypertension is the most effective and efficient way of treating hypertension. In addition to diets which have low saturation of fats, regular practice and physical activities need to be incorporated to the daily activities. In the case of diets, the medical practitioners recommend that an individual needs to have a well balanced diet; for instance, the DASH diet. The patient should eat more dairy foods with low percentage of fats, vegetables and fruits. The consumption of fish, poultry, grain products and nuts are considered of imperative importance in blood pressure reduction. In addition, it is recommended that individuals should consume foods which are rich in calcium, potassium and magnesium (Mohler, 2006). Physical activity lowers the blood pressure of an individual. The resullts from multiple studies demonstrated that individuals in all the age groups, whether old or young, have developed tendency of reduced risk of hypertension development. People having moderate or mild hypertension and exercise between 40 to 50 minutes in a period of four to five days weekly (cycling, jogging, walking) may have a high preference in reducing hypertension (Mohler, 2006). Scientist and medical practitioners have proved that emotional tension and stress increases blood pressure. Stress management techniques have been implemented in order to curb its effects. These techniques include Qigong, Tai Chi and yoga. Individuals performing these in three or four months usually experience a reduced blood pressure as the stress hormones were mitigated making them less anxious. In addition, herbal therapy is considered important in blood pressure reduction. Contrary to this, the specialists do not recommend use of the herbal therapy in administering high blood pressure treatment without their consent as it has sides effect to the overall functioning of the patients body. The common herbal therapies include; Stephania tetrandra (tetrandrine), Rauwolfia serpentina (snakeroot), Crataegus species (hawthorn), and Panax notoginseng (ginseng). Buy custom Diagnostic Testing for Hypertension essay

Past Continuous Lesson Plan for ESL Learners

Past Continuous Lesson Plan for ESL Learners Learning the basic structure and usage of the past continuous is usually not that difficult for most students. Unfortunately, this is not the case when it comes to actively integrating the past continuous into everyday conversations or written communications. This lesson is aimed at helping students actively use the past continuous in speaking and writing. This is done through the use of the past continuous as a descriptive tense to paint a picture in words of the moment when something important occurred. Aim To increase active usage of the past continuous Activity Speaking activity followed by a gap fill exercise and  creative writing Level Intermediate Outline Begin teaching the past continuous by telling a story with exaggerated details through the use of the past continuous. For example: I remember that day well. The birds were singing, the sun was shining, and the children were playing games peacefully. At that moment, I saw Alex and fell in love. Point out how the past continuous is used to paint a picture of the scene.Quickly review the past continuous structure with the class. Go over differences in usage between the past simple and past continuous. Point out that the past continuous focuses on a specific moment in the past.Write various examples on the board of sentences combining the past simple and past continuous to illustrate the idea of an interrupted past. For example, I was walking through the park when I met David. Ask students to comment on what function the past continuous plays in the example sentences.Have students divide into small groups of 3-4.Ask students to complete the activity by providing an appropriate response with the past continuous to describe an action that was interrupted. Next, have students first conjugate verbs in the past simple to complete the story. Next, ask them to insert past continuous clauses into the appropriate place in the story.Correct this exercise as a class. Make sure to note differences between the past continuous and past simple as you review.Ask students to complete the written exercise focusing on a special day in their lives.Once theyve written their paragraph, ask students to find a partner. Each student should read their paragraph and ask questions to check to understand.   Interrupted Actions Use the verb suggestion to complete the sentence with an appropriate phrase expressing an interrupted action: I (watch) ____________ when her boss called with a job offer.My friends (play) _____________ when they felt the earthquake.When I walked in the door, they children (study) _________________.We (eat) _________________ when we heard the news.My parents (travel) ________________ when I telephoned that I was pregnant.   Use of the Past Continuous in Writing Put the following verbs into the past simple: Thomas _______ (live) in the small town of Brington. Thomas _______ (love) walking through the beautiful forest that surrounded Brington. One evening, he ____ (take) his umbrella and _____ (go) for a walk in the woods. He ______ (meet) an old man named Frank. Frank _______ (tell) Thomas that, if he _____ (want) to become rich, he should invest in a little-known stock called Microsoft. Thomas ______ (think) Frank _____ (be) foolish because Microsoft ____ (be) a computer stock. Everybody _____ (know) that computers _____ (be) just a passing fad. At any rate, Frank _______ (insist) that Thomas _____ (be) wrong. Frank _______ (draw) a wonderful graph of future possibilities. Thomas ______ (begin) thinking that maybe Frank ______ (understand) stocks. Thomas _______ (decide) to buy some of these stocks. The next day, he ______ (go) to the stock brokers and _____ (buy) $1,000 worth of Microsoft stock. That _____ (be) in 1986. Today, that $1,000 is worth more than $250,000! Improve the Story Insert the following past continuous fragments into the above story: As Frank was drawing the graph, ...... while he was walking to work,it was raining, so...While they were discussing the stock, ...When he was returning from his walk, ...As he was walking through the woods, Written Exercise Write a description of an important day in your life. Include the most important events that occurred during that day in the past simple. Once you have written the important events using the past simple, try to include a description of what was happening at some of the specific moments when those events occurred to provide more details.Write out a few questions about your important day.  Make sure to include a few questions in the past continuous. For example, What was I doing when I found out about the job?Find a partner and read your story twice. Next, ask your partner your questions and discuss.Listen to your partners story and answer their questions.

Questions about Marketing Concepts Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Questions about Marketing Concepts - Assignment Example Marketing basically links all the functional departments of an organization to the customer's needs and wants. The idea behind marketing is that the customer is of prime importance and that the most significant task in any organization is first to identify the needs of the customer and then to ensure that all operations are geared toward meeting them efficiently and effectively. Marketing function concerns itself not only with customers but with competitors and suppliers as well. Thus marketing is not just a function but a management process responsible for identifying, anticipating and satisfying customer requirements profitably and responsibly with due regard for the environment and social foundation. A website is a crucial component of the company's to attract current and potential customers. It represents the company globally. A web site is a virtual front-line and direct link to suppliers, distributors, and potential and present customers. It is essential that a website conveys the company's objectives and goals immediately when a browser enters the site. The seven key design elements to achieve an effective web interface are Context, Content, Community, Customisation, Communication, Connection, and Commerce. (Rayporter & Jaworski, 2001) The context refers to layout or design of the website, created by...It is what makes the website easy to find and access and the website simple to use. Content is the text, pictures, sound, video, graphics, downloads, chat rooms, bulletin boards, service, products and information etc that the website contains.The community is described as the ways how the site enables user-to-user communication. E.g. blog, chat rooms etc. It allows users to know the opinions of other users to interact with each other and encourages them to make purchases or visit the site again. Customization refers to the ability of the site to allow different users to personalize their own profiles by means of content and context selection and other personalization tools.

Christians response towards the issue of Abortion Essay

Christians response towards the issue of Abortion - Essay Example Nevertheless, for one to obtain a Biblical or Christianity view about abortion he or she must rake off the muck that obscures the major questions concerning abortion and pay closer attention towards the Christian’s collective view about abortion (Ren, 2011). This paper will seek to give a solid argument on the Christians’ response towards the abortion issue. At first glance, the views of Christians towards the issue of abortion can seem to be difficult and complicating mainly to those who happen to be relatively unfamiliar with the responsive or relevant scriptures (StÃŒ ²tÃŒ ²iÌ„phan, 2007). This may result from a broad variety of voices, which claim to represent the opinion of the Christians within this controversial issue. As every voice struggle for attention, people continue to ask themselves which voice truly represents Christians view on the issue of abortion (Ren, 2011). Profoundly, I believe that most Christians, on one end, who speak out their voices concerning abortion strongly, oppose this practice. On the other end, there are those who claim that the choice to carry out an abortion should remain a woman’s choice. Both of these groups claim that they both provide the correct approach (Röskamp, 2010). ?skamp, 2010). Contemporary Christians appear divided and even different denominations and churches cannot seem to agree on this matter given that a number of denominations take a strictly different stance on the matter. The largest portion of Christians maintains that when a woman aborts, her action is tantamount to murder. However, there are those denominations which point out that the choice to abort should be in hands of a woman and she can go a head to abort if she so chooses (Ro?skamp, 2010). Pertinently, this heated debate regarding whether to abort or not is getting women more confused. In my view, I find abortion being similar to murder and as such, Christians should take a positive stance and make it clear that no woman should resolve to practice abortion. The Bible says that people should not kill one another. According to Christians’ view, abortion is just murdering an unborn child (St?t?i?phan, 2007). That is the reason you find that Christians strongly oppose the practice of abortion, as is equivalent to killing. For those Christians who believe that life begins at the time of conception, the topic of abortion is not up for discussion mainly because their response towards this practice is always strong in opposition (St?t?i?phan, 2007). Christians’ views towards abortion indicate that terminating a pregnancy is the same as ending a life and since Bible strongly opposes murder, most Christians do not support abortion practices. Nevertheless, there are those Christians from certain denominations who have been involved in a series of activism seeking to either legalize abortion or have the choice to abort remain in the hands of a woman (Ro?skamp, 2010). For instance, The United Church of Christ (UCC) started supporting legalization of abortion practices since the year 1971. Christians from this church in addition to others strongly opposed the President Clinton’s Ban Act of 1996 where they called upon other Christians to support their move. They publicly declared that women have a right to choose whether to abort or not and therefore, abortion should be included in any country’

The Coup de Grace :: essays papers

The Coup de Grace The short film, The Coup de Grace is a realistic war movie that illustrates the casualties of war. This film does not glorifies war, instead it gives a very realistic view of its aftermath. One of the many artistic techniques use in this movie is the illusion of action which is achieved by the quick movement of the camera. For example, the Captain at the beginning of his search is stationary and facing forward for a long time. As he is facing forward, the background is in motion giving a sense of action. This means that the world around him is moving on and time does not stop for no one. Finally he moves aimlessly for a long time. This shows that to try to find someone in such a situation is not an easy task to do. He choose to do it alone even though he could have gather some soldiers to help him make the task faster if not easier. Perhaps he was afraid of the outcome and how he would handle it emotionally thus losing his bearing in front of his men. As he is searching, he is ver y gentle and careful went he turns the death bodies around to make a positive identification of his friend. He is giving the bodies the outmost respect even thought they are dead. The captain finally finds his wounded best friend. He reacted in an angry and confused way. The wounded sergeant had regressed to an earlier stage of development to deal with the immense pain of his wound. Seen his friend like this made the captain remember an earlier happy time went the sergeant was free of pain and injuries. The flashback is another artistic technique use in the film. The two friends are conversating and reminiscing their childhood. It is important to notice how yellow green the grass is in this scene compared to lather. The sergeant’s older bother, the major disturbs their happy conversation. The artistic technique use to do this is shown with an immediate sun spot. The sergeant gets up and renders a salute, but the captain does not salutes showing disrespect toward the major. The major expresses his jealously and gives him his assignment adding that if the captain wished, he could give it to someone else of lesser rank.

Thriller Narrative

This world is no longer for the innocent. The reflection of a devilish smirk glistened on the destroyer encased in heavy metal†¦the ultimate weapon, which would leave Moscow, nothing but a sheer memory, forever lost and to be feared. ‘Well, professor I must agree that your creation certainly has been worthwhile' said the cool, hollow voice. The huge figure fearlessly, towered his helpless victim, slumped on the concrete basement of St. Basil's Cathedral. His grip on the seven-inch, double barrel pistol tightened, pointing directly at Dawson's throbbing temple, one of Russia's most prestige biochemist. ‘Damn it you bloody bastard†¦.go on†¦do it!!' My blood-shot eyes bulged, erupting in intense anger, as my captor's grin widened, ‘Oh believe me professor this is only just the beginning–‘ ‘– just the beginning?! Of what you piece of shit?! Your world-wide conquer–?! The careless remark had nearly cost my life as the sudden blow of the pistol butt, sent me backwards, collapsing on the deadly weapon. My agonizing cry echoed, as my jaw snapped swiftly, clenching the tip of my tongue in between, smoothly chiseling it. The stab of pain spread throughout my withered body, paralyzing me. I stiffened from the shocking blow and touched the gash that was now oozing a dark crimson liquid, drenched in a metallic stench. His dark face grew serious as he simply replied ‘You'll soon learn that even verbal resistance is futile'. Fighting the difficulty to restrain my rising anger no longer I spat out ‘you're blatantly†¦ committing†¦ human†¦ rights †¦violations' empathizing each word with infinite rage. The tall figure once again, raised the pistol over my head bringing it down like a hatchet. But then stopped and stared into me through his vulture-like, piercing sharp eyes, as if trying to penetrate my inner thoughts. He lowered his claw-like, lean arm and laughed. A hysterical, deathly laugh. A laugh that echoed, reaching every square inch of the murky basement and embedding inside my hollow mind. ‘You fool†¦be warned, your insignificant words may cost your ‘precious' life' ‘What do you intend to do with me. You have no use of me anymore! What more could you want?!† ‘You will serve more than you realize, professor' ‘You liar! You son of a bitch liar! We had a deal†¦for God's sake I build what you wanted †¦what more do you ask for!!' I shrieked with insanity. ‘Prudence and patience' ‘Cut the crap you bastard!!!†¦if it's me you want†¦finish me! End my misery!' ‘Execute you, no professor; I intend to torture you to death' he replied calmly, pleased as if he had won a pastry contest. He stepped out of the shadows, grabbing the front of my torn, withered shirt and glared dangerously into my eyes. For the first time in weeks, I captured his distinctive features; his face was rough, consisting of high cheekbones, a round chin and a crooked, pointy nose. His cold sadistic look, enhanced by a broken nose and a scared forehead, displayed a face that had been recently brutalized. The pain of every aching limb, devoured my sanity, as blood sipped out of my mouth, trailing down my chin and dripping on to my withered clothes. I was too traumatized, to notice the captor raising the gun up to my forehead and placing the cold mouth on my delicate temple. ‘You have one more purpose to serve, before I get rid of you' he said smirking. ‘You won't gain anything keeping me captive†¦for Gods sake release –!' Ignoring my screams, the captor simply gazed into my eyes and calmly stated his demand. ‘Activate the destroyer' ‘But all the innocent lives†¦you bastard!!†¦. you can't possibly†¦' The pistol dug into my blood-drained skin, silencing myself, I staggered towards the metal encasement. Kneeling beside it, drenched in sweat, my skeletal fingers hovered over the keypad to insert the six-digit code. I hesitated. The captor's finger on the trigger tightened. ‘The better you cooperate will make your remaining time on Earth as painless as possible' he sniggered. Leaving me no other choice, I foolishly followed as I was told; utterly ignoring the fact that Russia's existence was in my hands. As I entered the final digit, an emerald light pulsed; indicating the count-down for Russia's demise had began. Rays of murky sunshine penetrated the dim cell, the first sign of light I had witnessed in weeks. But was too late, for my fears have lived. Very soon the deafening call for death would echo through my blank mind. Within a few minutes†¦.fifty nine minutes, the most hazardous biologically produced man-made chemical would be released, enough not only to kill millions. But enough to wipe out the entire human race of the Asian continent. And absolutely nothing could be done to impede it. Nothing.

Decision Maker and the Rational Man - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2199 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/09/18 Category Economics Essay Type Argumentative essay Topics: Organization Essay Did you like this example? Decision Maker and the Rational Man I. Decision Maker and the Rational Man 1. Introduction As individuals we face decision situations everyday. It might be a problem or an opportunity, but in both cases the individual has to come at a perfect decision. At a rational view individual will try to gather as much information as possible on the available alternatives and the consequences they might derive by implementing each alternative. Individuals think and reason before they act and they try to select the best alternative accessible to them. What is most important is to select a choice among the alternatives available. Any person who is faced a significant choice problem in real life, operating individually or organizationally, tends to complete the task according to the prescription by the rational choice. In words, he will think as a rational man as depicted in a textbooks of economics. Rational man will be reasonably directed toward the achievement of conscious goals and will aim to maximize his benefits. 2. Literature Review Decision making is a means to an end. It is typically described as â€Å"choosing among best alternatives†. According to Stoner et al. (2001: 239), decision making is the process of identifying and selecting a course of action to solve a specific problem. It is about identifying and choosing solutions that lead to a desired end result (Kreitner and Kinicki, 1995:299). The process begins with a problem and ends when a solution had been chosen. Decision maker is the individual or group that actually makes the choice among alternatives. Individual decision making is an important part of organizational behavior as well as in day to day life of any individual. Ideal decision makers try to use all their talents when making a decision and characterized by reason and sound judgment (Certo, 2003). Over the years, there has been much debate on how to accurately describe decision making processes in general. Beyond an implici t agreement that decisions are made through some sort of process, chaotic or otherwise, there is little else scholars agree upon. By simple definition rational means efficient, i. . , maximizing output for a given input, or minimizing input for a given output. Economic definition of the rational man refers solely to a man who moves toward his goals in a way which, to the best of his knowledge, uses the least possible input of scarce resources per unit of valued output (Downs, 1957). Human behavior is goal-oriented, chosen for a reason. Goals, objectives, purposes, and interests explain behavior. So under rational man concept human being is always behave in a way to maximize the value he gains through the end. Managerial decision making is assumed to be rational. That means managers make consistent, value–maximizing choices within specified constrains. So that is where the decision maker and rational man come together. The rational model of decision making which is also kno wn as classical model is best used to discuss about the behavior of a manager who weight his options and calculate optimal levels of risks before making the decision. Rational decision making describes choices that are consistent and value maximizing within specified constraints (Robbins and Coulter, 2002:178). It assumes that managers have access to all the information needed to reach a decision (Certo, 2003). The rational model proposes that managers use a rational, four-step sequence when making decisions: (1) identifying the problem, (2) generating alternative solutions, (3) selecting a solution, and (4) implementing and evaluating the solution (Kreitner and Kinicki, 1995:301). This model is based on the premise that managers optimize when they make decisions. A decision maker who is perfectly rational would be fully objective and logical (Robbins and Coulter, 2002:178). He or she will carefully define the problem and will have a defined goal which is clear and specific. M oreover making decisions using rationality would consistently lead toward selecting the alternative that maximizes the likelihood of achieving that goal. However in the rational decision making model there are some assumptions of rationality which apply to any decision. Figure 1: Assumptions of Rationality Source: Robbins and Coulter, 2002:178 The rational decision making model, amongst its many assumptions assumes that there is a single best solution that will maximize the desired outcomes. But in the real world individuals must make decisions within tight time constraints and with less information than he or she likes to have. Bounded rationality theory pointed out that decision makers must cope with inadequate information about the nature of the problem and its possible solutions, a lack of time or money to complie more complete information, an ability to remeeber large amount of information, and the limits of their own intelligence (Stoner et. al. ,1995:253). That means the d eciison maker is acturally deviates form being a rational man. Instead of exploring the perfect or ideal solution, decision makers frequently settle for one that will adequately serve their purpose. That means they sacrifice rather than maximize. Not only bounded rationality, intuition also play a vital role in a decision maker’s life. Decision makers usually use their intuition to improve their decision making. It’s a subconscious process of making decisions on the basis of experience and accumulated judgment (Robbins and Coulter, 2002:180). This can be simply known as â€Å"gut feeling† and will deviates decision maker from behaving rationally. It comes with experience and learning. For example a manager who had faced a similar situation of decision making might deviate from systematic approach of rational decision making and might use his or her experience and judgment to take a decision. Figure two talks about the role of intuition in decision making. Figure 2: What is intuition? Source: Robbins and Coulter, 2002:180. The quality of a manager’s decisions is important for many reasons. To illustrate some, the quality of a manager’s decisions directly affects his career opportunities, rewards, job satisfaction and achievements in life. Also the quality of managerial decisions contributes to the success or failure of an organization. As a decision maker, the way he behaves in a decision situation will directly affect to that individual’s future as well as to the future of the institution for which he makes the decision. The rational decision theory position that decision making should proceed systematically through the series of steps is sound. Better decisions likely result when decision makers carefully analyze problems, evaluate multiple alternatives, and make systematic choices on the basis of their analyses and act as a rational man. However the perspective of rational decision making model relies on the implicit assumption that â€Å"rational decision maker† could have ever existed in a natural state in organizations. Decision making process is not a strictly rational one where all relevant information is collected and objectively evaluated, rather the decision maker takes mental ‘short cuts’ in the process of decision making to arrive at a sound decision (Kahneman and Tversky 1974 in Brabazon, 2000). 3. Application in Real World In Business Organizations. Decision making is one of the primary and most important responsibilities of being a manager. In real world most of the time a manager acts as a rational decision maker. He has to think about all the alternatives available to him after analyzing the problem and list down the consequences of each alternative. And then he has to rank each alternative from low to high to based on pros and cons of each alternative and finally he has to select the best alternative to solve the problem. For example at the Cuban Missile Crisis former United State President John F. Kennedy did his best to guide his team towards the best alternative available to them. He with his team gathered as much information as possible and probe for all the alternatives available. A special part of this is analyzing the consequences of each alternative. They did their best to see what will be the ultimate result of executing alternatives to select the best choice in front of them. This is the reason why even today after many years back, President Kennedy’s actions at Cuban Missile Crisis is considered and learned as a best managerial decision taken by a true leader all over the world. This can be considered under rational decision making but even here it is restricted within the available information. Any manager or an individual who is confronting with a problem or decision situation will act as a rational man to some extend when he or she makes a decision. Let’s take a simple example of buying a co mputer. In managerial aspects this can be a manager related to Marketing who is finding that they have to buy few computers with newest features in order to give the best customer service. After identifying the problem he will have to go through the decision criteria which will relevant to the decision. Here he can consider price, warranties, memory capacity, advance features, etc. rom the numbers of criteria available to him when buying a computer. Then the decision maker has to carefully analyze and weight each criterion according to its relevancy for the task. Then there will be the consideration of alternatives which will bring forward various computer brands and models and the manager will has to analyze each option with careful examination using all the information available to him. Then the manager has to come into a final decision by thinking rationally about the gains he will derive through each alternative. However a manager does not make decisions in isolation. When he or she makes their own decisions, people within and outside the organization also make their own decisions. When managers take decisions they also have to think about these decisions made by people around him. Also no approach to decision making can guarantee that a manager will always make the right decision. However a manager who is rational, intelligent and who uses a systematic approach towards decision making is more likely to come up with high quality solution than other managers. . Conclusion An individual as a decision maker will most of the time will behave in a rational way. He will do his best to select a choice among the alternatives available after analyzing each of these alternatives. However the extend of rationality of his behavior will be a problem due to the assumptions followed on the model of rational decision making which can be applied to the true situation. It assumes that the decision makers have or should or can obtain adequate information, both in terms of quality, quantity and accuracy. This applies to the situation as well as the alternative technical situations. It further assumes that the decision makers have substantive knowledge of the cause and effect relationships relevant to the evaluation of the alternatives. In other words, it assumes that decision maker has a thorough knowledge of all the alternatives and the consequences of the alternatives chosen. It further assumes that the personnel involved in decision making can rank the alternatives and choose the best of it. With these we can not say that there is a single, best solution that will maximize the desired outcomes. So when taking a decision, the decision maker will move towards compromising on the decision making process though it is a structured decision making model. The decision maker takes the decision or is assumed to choose a solution though not a perfect solution but â€Å"good enough† solution based on the limited capacity to handle the complexity of the situation, ambiguity and information. However a decision maker will behave as a rational man constraint to this bounded rationality. Reference List Borges Marcos R. S. , Pino J. A. , Valle C. , Support for Decision Implementation and Follow-up, 1995, Viewed on 15 May 2008, Borges, Marcos R. S. , Pino, J. A. , Valle, C. : On the Implementation and Follow-up of Decisions, 2002, Viewed on 15 May 2008, Downs Anthony, The Meaning of Rationality in the Model, 1957, Viewed on 15th May 2008m https://polsci. colorado. edu/~mciverj/Downs3-14. PDF Gosling Jonathan and Mintzberg Henry, The Five Minds of a Manager Key ideas from the Harvard Business Review, Viewed on 15 May 2008, Jackson Susan E. , May Karen E. , Whitney Kristina, Understanding the Dynamics of Diversity in Decision-Making Teams, 1995, Viewed on 10 May 2008, Kreitner Robert and Kinicki Angelo, Organizational Behavior, 3rd ed. , Boston, Richard D. Irwin, 1989. Managementconsultingcourses. com, Managerial Decision Ma king, Viewed on 14th May 2008, Robbins Stephen P. , Organizational Behavior, 6th ed. , Englewood Cliffs, N. J, Prentice-Hall, 1993. Robbins Stephen P. , and Coulter Mary, Management, 7th ed. , Delhi, Pearson Education, 2002. Stoner James A. F. , Freeman Edward and Gilbert Daniel R. , Management, 6th ed. , Englewood Cliffs, N. J. , Prentice-Hall, 1995. Tarricone Pina and Luca Joe, Successful teamwork: A case study, 2002, Viewed on 14 May 2008, Tony Brabazon, Behavioral Finance: A new sunrise or a false dawn? , 2000, Viewed on 14 May 2008, The problem is clear and unambiguous. A single, well-defined goal is to be achieved. All alternatives and consequences are known. Preferences are clear. Preferences are constant and stable. No time or cost constraints exist. Final choice will maximize payoff. Lead to Rational Decision Making Intuition Experience based decisions Affect-initiated decisions Value or ethics based decisions Subconscious mental processing Cognitive-based decisions Managers make decisions based on their past experience Managers make decisions based on feelings or emotions Managers make decisions based on skills, knowledge and training Managers use data from subconscious mind to help them to make decisions Managers make decisions on ethical values or culture Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Decision Maker and the Rational Man" essay for you Create order